Tttrbine



H. F. SCHMIDT;

TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 12, I918.

Patented Au 1, 1922.

HIS ATTORNEY IN FACT barren stares rarsar errata.

HENRY F. SCHMIDT, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO \VESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC & MANUFACTURING 00., A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

TURBINE.

2" 0 all whom it may concern Be it known that I, HENRY F. SCHMIDT, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Pittsburgh, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have made a new and useful Invention in Turbines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to turbines and has for an object to produce a new and improved turbine capable of developing more power than other turbines of the same type and size now in use and known to me.

A further object is to produce a new and improved turbine which operates with higher efficiency, over a wider range of loads, than other turbines of the same type now in use and known to me.

A further object is to produce a new and improved reentry turbine in which auxiliary nozzles are placed opposite what is ordinarily considered theinefiective portion of a reversing chamber so that all of the blades of the turbine may simultaneously be employed in developin power.

A further object is to produce a new and improved form of reversing chamber which is provided with a central portion so formed as to discharge steam directly into the exhaust passages of the turbine.

These and other objects are attained by means of a turbine embodying the features herein described and illustrated in the drawings accompanying and forming a part hereof.

In the drawings: Fig. 1 is a fragmenta-l sectional plan view of a turbine embodying my invention, the section being taken along the line 11 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view alongthe line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Reentry turbines are frequently constructed with nozzles and reversing chambers distributed throughout the entire circumference of the rotor. Ordinarily a part only of these are operated under light load conditions, but under full overloads all are brought into operation. By means of my invention, reentry turbines may be constructed to eiiiciently carry additional loads even though the rotor wheel is completely surrounded by the usual arrangement of nozzles and reversing chambers and each of these nozzles is operating at full capacity.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 1, 1922..

The capacity of the turbine and the range of loads under which it will operate eiiiciently are thereby increased.

In Fig. l of the drawings I have more or less diagrammatically illustrated a developed section of a portion of a reentry turbine. As shown, a nozzle 5 is adapted to expand motive fluid, hereinafter called steam, and to discharge it at high velocitv into the blades 6 of the turbine. As illus- 'trated, the blades 6 are of the impulse type and are mounted on the periphery of a rotor wheel 7 from which they project radially.

The steam in passing through the row of blades 6, gives up a portion. of its velocity energy to the blades and is received by a reversing chamber 8 which is located on the opposite side of the row of blades from the nozzle 5. The reversing chamber 8 is so formed as to receive steam with as little shock as possible and to gradually reverse its direction and deliver. it again to the blades 6 at a point farther along on the periphery of the wheel 7. Additional reversing chamber may be employed for recelving and again redirecting the steam into the blades. y

The reversing chamber 8 illustrated is substantially U-shape in developed plan view, the steam entering one leg of the U and is discharged from the other. The intervening central portion 10 of the reversing chamber is ordinarily not used, consequently the blades 6 do not receive steam while passing this space. As shown, I have provided an auxiliary nozzle 9 opposite the central portion 10 of the reversing chamber. This nozzle is preferably adapted to expand the steam down to exhaust pressure and to discharge it into the blades 6 at a point between the inlet and the outlet of the reversing chamber 8, that is, at a point opposite the ordinarily unused central portion 10. The steam issuing from the nozzle 9 is dis charged from the blades 6 into the central portion 10 of the reversing chamber, which, as shown, is formed like a scoop and discharges the steam received by it directly into the exhaust space within the casing of the turbine. This construction is shown in Fig. 2.

With the construction illustrated pracint tically all of the blades on the rotor Wheel 7 may be simultaneously receiving steam,

consequently the turbine is capable voi developing alarge amount of power in pro portion to'its "size, "sincedead or inactive spaces are eliminated. The best efliciency in a turbine such as illustrated, is obtained When the nozzles receive steam at substantially full pressure, consequently the total power output can be varied more ec'ono'mi cally by cutting in or out one or more of the nozzles than by varrying the-initial steam pressure. As the number of nozzles is increased by the introduction of the auxiliary nozzles 9, the economicalpower range of theturbine is consequently increased; Obviously, thea'uxiliary nozzles may be designed to operate with highest efii'ciency on steam {having adiiferent initial pressure from that 'deliveredto the main nozzles. I

While I have described andillustrated but one embodiment or my invention,"it Will be I apparent to t'hose skilled in the a r't that vention, as set forth by the appended claims;

tion of each reversing chamber, said central "portion being formed to direct said motive various changes, "modifications, additions and omissions may be made in the appa rat'us described and illustrated ithout departing fl'dln the spiilt and scope oi": the in- T WhatI claim-is: I

1. In "a turbine,'the combination, with a single row of moving impulse blades and means cooperating therewith Where'by velocity energy of motive fluid is successively abstracted in two steps' at separated pe ripheral portions of the turbine, of auxiliary means for impinging high velocity motive fluid against the blades between said separated portionsifor energy abstraction in a. single step. i

2. In a turbine {having an exhaust pasfsage, a rotor wheel, blades mounted thereon, nozzles for delivering motive fluid to the blades, reversing chambers for redirecting "the motive fluid to the blades, and auxiliary nozzles for delivering motive 'fiuid to the bladesat a'point opposite the central porcentral portion.

fluid received by it to the exhaust passage of the turbine.

3. A reentry turbine having a bladed r0- tor wheel, nozzles and reversing chambers for normal operation, and auxiliarynozzles for delivering motive'fiuid to the bladed fluid to'said blades, a reversing chamber re- 1 ceivinfg motive fluid discharged from the blades andredirectin'g the fluid so received and delivering itto said blades, and having a scoop shaped central portion in direct communication with the exhaust, in-

coinbin'atio'n with a motive fluid delivery nozzle for deliverin g motive fluid tosaid blades and so located that the fluid delivered is discharged "by theblades intosa'i'd 6. In a turbine, a rotor, Working elements mounted on the rotor, a nozzle for-delivering motive fluid to thevvorking-elements,

a reversing chamber having separate inlet "and outlet ports for receiving motive fluid from the elements and for redirecting it into 'the' elementsfand an auxiliary nozzle for delivering motive fluid to the elem'ents between the inlet and outlet 'o'fthe reversing chamber to develop increased power.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 12th day of June, 1918. v

HENRY r. SCHMIDT. lVitness: M i 

